熱傳導

熱傳導(Conduction)是指界質本身具有溫度差異,熱能由高溫向低溫部分傳遞,透過分子傳遞振動能的現象。熱傳介質可能是固體或是穩定不動的流體,不同的介質的熱傳特性不同,一般來說固體>流體,固體之中又以金屬的熱傳性能最好。

熱傳導的規律如下式所表示,又稱為傅立葉定律。微觀來看,單位時間內,通過單位面積的熱量,與負的溫度梯度和材質熱傳導係數成正比,

Conduction-1

假設介質式穩定均勻的材料,兩端的溫度恆定,那一維的熱傳導公式可以整理為:

Conduction-2

 qx ,  Heat transfer rate in the positive x direction
Κ ,    Material’s thermal conductivity (W/m•K)
A ,    The cross-sectional area (m²)
∆Τ ,  The temperature difference (K)
∆X ,  The heat transfer length (m)

Conduction-3

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